UW Neurological Surgery Recent PubMed Publications

CONCLUSIONS: In this large multicenter dAVF cohort, hemorrhagic presentation was most strongly associated with venous angioarchitecture. Male sex and antithrombotic therapy were also independently associated with hemorrhagic presentation. Angiographic obliteration was common, particularly among surgically treated lesions, and 90-day functional outcome was most strongly associated with baseline functional status.

Enthusiasm for artificial intelligence (AI) applications in rehabilitation medicine has accelerated rapidly, from 22 publications in 2015 to 1449 in 2025. This expansion reflects growing optimism that AI may enhance clinical efficiency, streamline research workflows, and support patient-centered care. Uncritical adoption carries significant risks for rehabilitation practice, research integrity, clinical workforce sustainability, health equity, and environmental impact. This commentary cautions...

CONCLUSION: Transsphenoidal posterior lobe biopsy has a low-risk profile and high diagnostic capacity in patients presenting with a lesion of the pituitary stalk of uncertain etiology.

BACKGROUND: Children born with visual impairment perceive the world differently, which can lead to developmental delays that are often difficult for parents to understand. This uncertainty can leave them unsure of how best to support their child. Virtual Reality (VR) offers simulated experiences and is increasingly being explored as a tool to enhance empathy and understanding - particularly through Point of View (PoV) simulations. PoV VR experiences have the potential to provide personalised...

CONCLUSION: This study provides key insights into the "real-world" resource/cost requirements for implementing and sustaining each A.S.K.-PrEP strategy. Our results and publicly available budget impact tool provide support for potential stakeholders to ensure both feasibility and long-term sustainability for PrEP uptake and adherence for sexual and gender minority individuals with a SUD.

INTRODUCTION: Ebola virus (EBOV) infection triggers intense host transcriptional responses that overlap extensively with those induced by other viral and bacterial pathogens. This overlap complicates the identification of EBOV-specific gene expression signatures and limits diagnostic specificity. Defining transcriptional markers that distinguish EBOV from other infections is essential for improving molecular diagnostics and advancing understanding of EBOV-specific host responses.

CONCLUSION: We identified eight unique patterns of community OUD treatment after jail release. Receipt of in-jail MOUD was associated with belonging to the continuous methadone treatment cluster. These findings suggest that provision of in-jail MOUD could improve methadone uptake in the community.

CONCLUSIONS: Enhancing breastfeeding training for healthcare professionals in Alabama may help address the state's low breastfeeding rates and improve health equity for mothers and infants. Certification in breastfeeding support provides an additional level of training and should be encouraged. These findings underscore the need for targeted training interventions among healthcare professionals in Alabama.

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Germline pathogenic variants that activate the Ras/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway cause neurodevelopmental disorders called Rasopathies. Because many affected proteins directly regulate Ras, causative mutations may alter other Ras-dependent pathways in addition to MAPK signaling. To better understand which Rasopathy sequelae result from hyperactivation of downstream MAPKs, we engineered mice with a gain-of-function mutation in the terminal MAPK gene Mapk1, which encodes ERK2 and...

The calcified chondroid mesenchymal neoplasm (CCMN) was first recognized as a distinct pathologic entity in 2021 at the University of Washington, and fewer than 100 cases of CCMN have been described in the literature. The CCMN tumor is characterized by the presence of chondroid matrix elements with an FN1-receptor TK gene fusion. CCMNs frequently arise in the distal extremity joints, but less commonly, they have been known to involve the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). This report details the...

Stable isotope-tracing assays track few metabolites, yet cells use many nutrients to sustain nitrogen metabolism. Here we create a platform for tracing 30 nitrogen isotope-labelled metabolites in parallel to enable a system-level understanding of cellular nitrogen metabolism. This platform reveals that while primitive cells engage both de novo and salvage pyrimidine synthesis pathways, differentiated cells nearly exclusively salvage uridine. This link between cell state and pyrimidine synthesis...

Three-dimensional reconstruction of cortical surfaces from MRI for subsequent morphometric analysis is fundamental for understanding brain structure. While high-field Magnetic Resonance Imaging (HF-MRI) is the standard in research and clinical settings, its relatively limited availability hinders widespread use. Low-field MRI (LF-MRI), particularly portable systems, offers a cost-effective and accessible alternative. However, existing cortical surface analysis tools, such as FreeSurfer, are...

BACKGROUND: Older adults frequently experience acute and long-term cognitive impairment following critical illness hospitalization in an intensive care unit (ICU). Delirium affects up to 80% of ICU patients and is linked to cognitive dysfunction and increased risk of cognitive decline associated with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD). Sleep and circadian rhythm disturbances are present in about 75-80% of ICU patients and may exacerbate delirium and undermine cognitive...

CONCLUSIONS: Fixed start-up and time-dependent costs were minimal. Variable costs were 66.7% of implementation costs and 69.3% of costs annually afterward. The primary cost driver was NCM time conducting MA Model-related work. The additional value of the model will depend on associated downstream outcomes. These results may be helpful to health care systems considering implementing the MA Model.

Bacteria encode diverse defence systems, including restriction-modification and CRISPR-Cas, that cleave nucleic acid to protect against phage infection. Bioinformatic analyses demonstrate that many recently identified antiphage defence operons comprise a nuclease and NTPase protein, suggesting that additional nucleic acid-targeting systems remain to be understood. Here we develop large-scale comparative cell biology and biochemical approaches to analyse 16 nuclease-NTPase systems and define...

Brain autopsy plays a critical role advancing understanding of neurological conditions, providing unique insights that may otherwise not be captured through studies of living individuals. In addition, given our increasing reliance on biomarkers of disease biology, pathology is the gold standard to validate biomarkers showing that early evidence of disease biology is consistent with postmortem pathology. Postmortem tissue collection is challenging, and opportunities to correlate neuropathological...

Radiation therapy is an essential mode of treatment for cancer, but it is limited by resistance, potential damage to healthy tissue, and inefficacy in later-stage cancers. To overcome these limitations, nanoparticles made from high atomic number (Z) atoms, such as silver (AgNPs), gold (AuNPs), and hafnium oxide (HfONPs), have been investigated for their ability to increase radiation dose deposition in cancer cells. Historically, it is believed that radiation dose enhancement primarily is...