UW Neurological Surgery Recent PubMed Publications

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CONCLUSIONS: The use of a BP dramatically affects the composition and activity of the gut microbiome. Future investigations should further address the interplay among biological systems and diet and may offer insights into potential health benefits in preclinical and translational animal models.

Despite substantial heterogeneity of studies, there is evidence that antibiotics commonly used in primary care influence the composition of the gastrointestinal microbiota in terms of changing their composition and/or diversity. Benzyl isothiocyanate (BITC) from the food and medicinal plant nasturtium (Tropaeolum majus) is known for its antimicrobial activity and is used for the treatment of infections of the draining urinary tract and upper respiratory tract. Against this background, we raised...

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CONCLUSIONS: This modern, multicenter study of ETV success shows that the original ETVSS continues to demonstrate good predictive ability, which was not substantially improved with a new success score. There might be an association between preoperative prepontine adhesions and ETV success, and this needs to be evaluated in a future large prospective study.

Previously, we showed that fluvastatin treatment induces myofibrillar damage and mitochondrial phenotypes in the skeletal muscles of Drosophila. However, the sequential occurrence of mitochondrial phenotypes and myofibril damage remains elusive. To address this, we treated flies with fluvastatin for two and five days and examined their thorax flight muscles using confocal microscopy. In the two-day fluvastatin group, compared to the control, thorax flight muscles exhibited mitochondrial...

Disruptive behavior disorders [including conduct disorder (CD) and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD)] are common childhood and adolescent psychiatric conditions often linked to altered arousal. The recommended first-line treatment is multi-modal therapy and includes psychosocial and behavioral interventions. Their modest effect sizes along with clinically and biologically heterogeneous phenotypes emphasize the need for innovative personalized treatment targeting impaired functions such as...

CONCLUSION: In patients with low ASPECTS, achieving an mTICI 2c/3 score after MT is associated with a more favorable 90-day outcome. These findings suggest that mTICI 2c/3 is a better target for MT than mTICI 2b in patients with low ASPECTS.

CONCLUSION: Our results underline the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of remote patient monitoring following FESS. Furthermore, they highlight the opportunity to implement a virtual wound checkup, and to substantially improve postoperative follow-up compliance via telemedicine.

CONCLUSIONS: aFlow-derived quantitative assessment of IA wall motion showed greater wall motion and higher variability of wall deformation in growing versus stable IAs.

Phase separation (PS) drives the formation of biomolecular condensates that are emerging biological structures involved in diverse cellular processes. Recent studies have unveiled PS-induced formation of several transcriptional factor (TF) condensates that are transcriptionally active, but how strongly PS promotes gene activation remains unclear. Here, we show that the oncogenic TF fusion Yes-associated protein 1-Mastermind like transcriptional coactivator 2 (YAP-MAML2) undergoes PS and forms...

Radiation-attenuated sporozoite (RAS) vaccines can completely prevent blood stage Plasmodium infection by inducing liver-resident memory CD8^(+) T cells to target parasites in the liver. Such T cells can be induced by 'Prime-and-trap' vaccination, which here combines DNA priming against the P. yoelii circumsporozoite protein (CSP) with a subsequent intravenous (IV) dose of liver-homing RAS to "trap" the activated and expanding T cells in the liver. Prime-and-trap confers durable protection in...

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CONCLUSIONS: The presence of positive stimulation potentials below the level of clinical function in patients with complex spinal dysraphism undergoing detethering reoperations indicates a degree of preserved neuronal connectivity. These findings suggest novel future treatment approaches for these patients, including using devices targeted to stimulation of these neurological pathways.

CONCLUSIONS: Cerebrovascular injury is common after penetrating brain injury, and CTA alone is insufficient to diagnosis these injuries. Patients with penetrating brain injuries should routinely undergo DSA.

CONCLUSION: In ageing populations, significant differences were observed in MRI metrics between research MRI and clinical MRI groups, and clinical health metric differences between research MRI, clinical MRI, and no-MRI groups.

For decades, regulatory guidelines for safety assessment in rodents for drugs, chemicals, pesticides, and food additives with developmental neurotoxic potential have recommended a single test of learning and memory (L&M). In recent years some agencies have requested two such tests. Given the importance of higher cognitive function to health, and the fact that different types of L&M are mediated by different brain regions assessing higher functions represents a step forward in providing better...

The Addiction Health Services Research (AHSR) Conference has been held since 2002. This Conference brings together researchers, graduate students, policymakers, and treatment providers to focus improving the organization, distribution, and financing of healthcare resources for prevention/care of SUD. The AHSR 2023 Conference took place in New York City, October 18-20^(th), and was hosted by the Center for Health Economics of Treatment Interventions for Substance Use Disorder, HCV, and HIV...

Pregnancy-related deaths affect African American women at a rate four to five times higher than White women. These deaths occur during pregnancy or up to 1 year after childbirth. Inadequate or delayed prenatal care is a factor associated with poor maternal health outcomes in African American women. Identifying factors that pose as facilitators and barriers to prenatal care is essential in developing interventions aimed at improving maternal health outcomes.