UW Neurological Surgery Recent PubMed Publications

CONCLUSION: Future, multi-center randomized prospective trials are warranted to address confounding variables that limit this observational study. Follow-up beyond 3 months was limited, so durability is unknown.

CONCLUSION: Evidence supporting these candidate approaches in human radiation-induced renal injury remains limited. Tubular biomarkers, cystatin C, genomic indicators, urinary extracellular-vesicle signatures, and multiparametric MRI have demonstrated potential in other renal disorders or preclinical radiation models, but their RRI-specific kinetics, thresholds, sensitivity, and specificity remain insufficiently established. We therefore propose a multimodal research framework integrating...

CONCLUSIONS: We describe a cohort of patients who received VAPOX assisted ED intubation with a FPS without hypoxaemia of 78%. This was a critically ill cohort, with 46% of patients having oxygen saturations < 90% in the hour prior to intubation. These findings provide a benchmark for ED intubation using VAPOX and a comparison for future research.

BACKGROUND: Biomarkers like glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1 (UCH-L1) are being globally recommended as a valuable component in the evaluation of acute TBI. Having a regulatory-approved whole-blood test is imperative to provide consistent and democratized approach to healthcare. This prospective, national multicenter cohort trial (NCT04171960) evaluated the performance of a whole-blood, point-of-care (POC) GFAP/UCH-L1 panel in determining need...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant public health concern, particularly in aging populations. While advanced age and frailty affect outcomes after TBI, the independent effect of frailty on long-term outcomes in geriatric TBI patients remains poorly understood. We hypothesized that higher disease-specific frailty is independently associated with poor long-term outcomes and quality of life following TBI. To determine whether a TBI-specific frailty index assessed at presentation is...

The metabolic hallmarks of high-grade glioma (HGG) are not fully understood. Human brain tissue metabolomics revealed that the creatine synthesis pathway intermediate guanidinoacetate (GAA) accumulated ∼100-fold in HGGs relative to controls, which was caused by imbalanced activities of enzymes in this pathway. Glioma cells secreted GAA rather than using it to produce creatine, implicating an alternative function. GAA accumulates in GAA N-methyltransferase (GAMT) deficiency, an inborn error of...

BACKGROUND: Thoracic ossification of the ligamentum flavum (T-OLF) is an important cause of progressive thoracic myelopathy and may be particularly debilitating in professional baseball pitchers, in whom surgical treatment must restore neural function while preserving the spinal biomechanics required for elite pitching. Although open laminectomy has traditionally been the standard treatment, extensive muscle dissection and disruption of posterior elements may compromise postoperative stability...

Birth marks a sudden transition from a sterile intrauterine environment to one rich in pathogens, requiring rapid immune adaptation. Using mass spectrometry and immunoassays, we profile 324 plasma proteins, cytokines, and chemokines in 906 peripheral blood samples from 679 healthy, term, vaginally born Gambian neonates and an independent smaller validation cohort from Papua New Guinea. This proteomic analysis provides insights into plasma protein dynamics during the first 48 h of life at a...

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CONCLUSIONS: Performing surgical drainage before embolization in patients with subacute and chronic subdural hematomas may help minimize treatment failures and enhance hematoma resolution.

Lay counselor delivery of trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) may be a promising strategy to increase access to trauma-focused care and prevent trauma-related health disparities among youth in low-resource settings in the United States. This pre-registered systematic review sought to synthesize how TF-CBT has been tailored for lay counselor delivery globally, which can inform broader dissemination. Specifically, we examined (1) the modification process, (2) treatment...

BACKGROUND: Low-flow, low-gradient (LF-LG) severe aortic stenosis (AS) in post-ST-elevation myocardial infarction cardiogenic shock supported with veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) presents complex diagnostic and therapeutic challenges. Retrograde extracorporeal membrane oxygenation flow alters cardiac loading conditions and transvalvular flow, complicating accurate assessment of valvular disease.

Spinal cord injury is a devastating consequence of trauma. It disrupts connections within the spinal cord resulting in a constellation of symptoms. Neuromodulation approaches have shown promising results in restoring function. The techniques differ in their neuronal targets, applications, and functional outcomes. This review compares the different neuromodulatory modalities including the noninvasive transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation and functional electrical stimulation to the surgically...

CONCLUSION: The use of SLB aspiration catheters showed comparable safety and efficacy with standard LB catheters for mechanical thrombectomy in AIS.

CONCLUSION: The predictors identified in this study may help guide management when 2 or 3 of the primary treatment options carry clinical equipoise.

In the United States, the N60 excision sampling method for beef trim products used by FSIS collects 60 thin slices of raw meat, which are then analyzed for bacteria. This destructive sampling method is time-consuming, results in inconsistent sample mass, and has a risk of worker injury. To address these limitations, FSIS conducted a series of laboratory and field studies to determine whether a surface sampling method could achieve equal or better bacterial recovery compared to N60 excision for...

The preBötzinger complex is among the few neural circuits where selective elimination of a defined neuronal subpopulation is sufficient to destabilize a core autonomic function and can fatally impair breathing. Within this circuitry, neurons expressing the neurokinin-1 receptor (Tacr1/NK1R) and somatostatin (Sst) are critical subpopulations; Tacr1^(+) neurons respond to the neuropeptide substance P and are necessary for maintaining inspiratory rhythms, and ablation of Sst^(+) neurons results in...

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Background/Objectives: Osteonecrosis of the jaw, a non-healing wound, is a side effect in patients treated with nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (e.g., zoledronate) after some oral procedures. Considering zoledronate toxicity in surgical wounds and the capacity of calcium phosphate synthetic compounds to adsorb it, the aim of this work was to demonstrate and elucidate the mechanism underlying this adsorption. Methods: Four different calcium phosphate synthetic bone substitutes were used in...