UW Neurological Surgery Recent PubMed Publications

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Background/Objectives: Osteonecrosis of the jaw, a non-healing wound, is a side effect in patients treated with nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (e.g., zoledronate) after some oral procedures. Considering zoledronate toxicity in surgical wounds and the capacity of calcium phosphate synthetic compounds to adsorb it, the aim of this work was to demonstrate and elucidate the mechanism underlying this adsorption. Methods: Four different calcium phosphate synthetic bone substitutes were used in...

Traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI) is characterized by early microvascular disruption and regional perfusion failure that contribute to secondary tissue loss. The physiological effects of early decompression on spinal cord perfusion across injury severities remain incompletely defined. This study examined the influence of injury severity on perfusion dynamics and the impact of durotomy using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in a rat model of tSCI. Female Long-Evans rats underwent contusive...

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CONCLUSION: These findings identify SF3B2 as a regulator of cardiomyocyte calcium handling and suggest that SF3B2-dependent missplicing of CACNA2D1 may link core spliceosome function to the splicing programs underlying cardiomyocyte functional maturation.

Microbial foodborne pathogens, such as Salmonella, have the characteristic that only some subgroups of these bacteria are highly pathogenic to humans. For the Salmonella species enterica, there are more than 2,600 serotypes. These serotypes can be host-adapted so that for any animal reservoir, such as a particular food animal species, fewer than 10 serotypes make up more than fifty percent of isolates found in the reservoir. The highly concentrated nature of serotypes within a reservoir is key...

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CONCLUSIONS: Open cranial vault reconstruction performed for late presentation SS is associated with improvement in head shape at 2 years postoperatively.

Advances in image registration and machine learning have recently enabled volumetric analysis of postmortem brain tissue from conventional photographs of coronal slabs, which are routinely collected in brain banks and neuropathology laboratories around the world. One caveat of this methodology is the requirement of segmentation of the tissue from the background and out-of-slice tissue in photographs, which currently requires laborious manual intervention. Manual delineation is a bottleneck in...

Biobanking has played an important role in advancing cell therapy by enabling long-term preservation of cell function, facilitating product transport, and allowing flexibility in infusion scheduling. However, conventional cryopreservation methods rely on high concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and serum, which can lead to toxicity, compromise cell viability, complicate post-thaw handling (such as DMSO removal), require additional quality testing, and ultimately reduce therapeutic...

CONCLUSIONS: the addition of GM-CSF to pembrolizumab was well-tolerated but did not meet the pre-specified response rate for efficacy. A subset of patients experienced deep responses and prolonged stable disease. GM-CSF elicited changes in the tumor immune microenvironment that could guide future combination approaches.

CONCLUSIONS: Although octogenarians undergoing coronary artery bypass have a higher operative risk than younger patients, mortality rates are lower than previously reported. Surgery in this population may be associated with favourable long-term survival compared to the general population. These findings support careful patient selection and shared decision-making when considering surgical revascularisation in the elderly.

Background/Objectives: SPINEHealthie is a smartphone-based application enabling remote patient monitoring, care delivery and standardized collection of patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). This registry-based analysis evaluates patient satisfaction with the platform across a large, heterogeneous spine surgery cohort. Methods: A total of 1729 thoracolumbar spine surgery cases were eligible for analysis. Among these, 881 (50.9%) completed the in-app feedback survey and constituted the...

Craniopharyngioma is a rare pediatric brain tumor that is often treated with surgical resection and radiation therapy, all of which can have significant impacts on cognitive abilities. The objectives of the current study were to characterize the neurocognitive functioning of pediatric patients that have been treated for craniopharyngioma and examine the impact of medical, demographic, and treatment variables on neurocognitive outcomes. We completed retrospective chart reviews to collect medical,...

UVR drives keratinocyte clonal expansion and cutaneous field damage, yet the assessment of early UV-induced field damage remains subjective and lacks an objective, non-invasive method. Reflectance confocal microscopy provides near-histologic imaging of the epidermis and may enable the detection of subclinical UV-induced changes before overt lesion development. Using SKH1 hairless mice, reflectance confocal microscopy images were analyzed during an early post-UV period at weeks 12 and 14 and a...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Spinal cord injury (SCI) often results in permanent paralysis, leading to substantial long-term disability and loss of quality-adjusted life years. Strategies to preserve neural function in the hyperacute phase are needed. Transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation (tSCS) improves neurological function in chronic SCI. Earlier implementation in acute SCI may preserve or restore function and improve recovery.

CONCLUSIONS: The combination of systemic octofluo administration and locally applied CAR-T cells is a promising strategy for future clinical development for patients with refractory meningiomas.

CONCLUSIONS: Cognard type V dAVFs carry a high risk of neurological morbidity. However, favorable functional outcomes are achievable with timely, multimodal intervention. Complication rates remain low, with most being transient. These data support aggressive but tailored management to prevent permanent disability in this high-risk population.

Synapse formation and function are coordinated spatially and temporally by a host of synaptic proteins that regulate neuronal signaling, synapse specificity, and plasticity, many of which are implicated in neuropsychiatric disorders. Many members of the C1q/TNF superfamily function as synaptic organizers, shaping synapse assembly and maintenance. Among them, C1QL3 plays a putative role in trans-synaptic adhesion and modulation of synaptic strength, but the lack of a reliable antibody to detect...