UW Neurological Surgery Recent PubMed Publications

CONCLUSIONS: At 2024 pricing, and from a U.S. hospital perspective, ES/MMAE for cSDH may not be cost-effective within a 180-day horizon, but PSA suggests a greater favorability towards ES/MMAE at higher willingness-to-pay thresholds. The positive net QALY benefit with adjunctive MMAE for cSDH suggests a small but meaningful quality-of-life improvement, preventing complete ES dominance. Cost-reduction strategies, longer time frames, and validated cSDH-specific patient-reported outcome measures...

Chromosomal translocations leading to the fusion of tropomyosin receptor kinases (TRKs) with diverse partner proteins have been identified as oncogenic drivers in many adult and pediatric cancers. While first-generation TRK kinase inhibitors, such as entrectinib and larotrectinib, have shown positive responses in TRK fusion-positive cancers, resistance mutations against these inhibitors in the kinase domain limit their efficacy. Second-generation inhibitors are in clinical evaluation,...

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings highlight how children and parents contextualize the importance of IBD management within their lives, and draw attention to the need for personalized, patient-centered care and meaningful shared decision-making.

This narrative review aims to explore the relationship between glioma and nutrition throughout stages of treatment and recovery. Gliomas are aggressive brain tumors that significantly impair quality of life and present treatment challenges. There has been a growing interest regarding the gut-brain axis and the microbiome, particularly their roles in modulating immune function and influencing the response to cancer treatment. This review examines how specific nutritional approaches may assist...

Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) is characterized by exposed necrotic bone that often progresses with increasing pain and impaired quality of life. Zoledronate, the most potent and widely used bisphosphonate, has been strongly associated with BRONJ development following invasive dental procedures. Given the rising incidence of BRONJ, understanding and implementing effective preventive strategies have become imperative. Biomaterials based on synthetic hydroxyapatite and...

Lung cancer encompasses multiple histological entities with substantial molecular heterogeneity that remain incompletely resolved at population scale. Here, we constructed a unified reference landscape of lung cancer by analyzing raw RNA sequencing data from 1,558 tumors spanning adenocarcinoma (n=753), squamous cell carcinoma (n=540), small cell lung cancer (n=150), and unclassified non-small cell lung cancer (n=80). Following batch correction, samples were embedded using PaCMAP to generate a...

Programmable A-to-I RNA editing using endogenous ADAR enzymes is emerging as a therapeutic strategy, but editability remains difficult to predict because ADAR recognition depends on double-stranded RNA geometry and stability rather than sequence alone. We present ADAREDIT, a structure-explicit graph-attention framework that represents each dsRNA substrate as a nucleotide graph with backbone and base-pair edges and augments this representation with typed interactions and a motif-sensitive...

INTRODUCTION: Underrepresented in family medicine (URiFM) physicians hold 14.42% of US family medicine faculty positions. Scholarship is critical to academic advancement. We explored family medicine department chairs' racial allyship, their identification of scholarship barriers faced by URiFM faculty, and the existence of initiatives to increase scholarship.

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a heritable cardiac disorder associated with sudden cardiac death, yet its diagnosis remains slow, resource-intensive, and dependent on expert interpretation of multimodal tests. Machine learning approaches may enable earlier and more standardized detection. Here, we sought to identify an optimal machine learning strategy for ARVC detection, and to define its role within the diagnostic pathway. A composite dataset of 688 patients from the...

CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the pleiotropic benefits of IL-12 armored CAR-T cells with improved targeting of antigen-positive tumor cells and simultaneous remodeling of the microenvironment to engage adaptive immunity against antigen-negative clones. This strategy offers a potential clinically actionable approach to improve outcomes in GBM by circumventing the need for toxic lymphodepletion and addressing tumor heterogeneity.

CONCLUSION: In patients with aSAH, average tortuosity is independently inversely associated with future development of DCI. Total branch number and average tortuosity are independently inversely associated with future vasospasm. With further validation, quantitative MRA features may serve as predictive markers for DCI and vasospasm after aSAH.

Patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and Glasgow Coma Scale scores of 13-15 (historically called mild TBI [mTBI]) commonly experience changes in cognitive functioning, including processing speed, memory, and executive functioning. In a prospective sample (N = 523) of individuals of European descent who had been treated in a U.S. level 1 trauma center for mTBI, we examined the prognostic value of four polygenic risk scores (PRS) for cognitive outcomes at 6-months postinjury. To estimate the...

Concurrent follicular and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (FL/DLBCL) and transformed follicular lymphoma (tFL) are distinct B-cell lymphoma entities, posing challenges for understanding pathogenesis and clinical management. The clinical characteristics of 98 FL/DLBCL, 31 tFL, 403 FL1-2/3A, and 608 DLBCL patients were analyzed. DNA sequencing was performed in these cohorts, and RNA sequencing was performed on 60 FL/DLBCL, 8 tFL, 175 FL1-2/3A, and 329 DLBCL patients. FL/DLBCL was characterized by...

INTRODUCTION: Endoscopic transforaminal decompression is a minimally invasive approach for treating radiculopathy in adult degenerative scoliosis (ADS) secondary to foraminal stenosis. Previous research supports the feasibility and safety of this technique, but the correlation of preoperative measures with postoperative outcomes remains unclear.

INTRODUCTION: Plasmodium parasites, the causative agents of malaria, undergo a complex liver stage shaped by the spatial heterogeneity of the liver. As one of the most sexually dimorphic organs, the liver undergoes sex-specific immune responses. However, the roles of biological sex and androgens in regulating hepatic host-parasite interactions during Plasmodium infection remain poorly understood.

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Extant literature has found attention and academic achievement to be related throughout development. Surprisingly, there are few comprehensive meta-analytic studies of the size of this effect. Therefore, the present study evaluates the relation between ADHD symptomatology (i.e., ratings of inattention and/or hyperactivity/impulsivity) and academic achievement, over 106 studies and 450 effect sizes, with moderators assessing: study design type; symptomatology type; academic domain and subskills;...

Molecular tools enable detailed analysis of molecular allergens. Understanding their regional variability, considering environmental factors, improves diagnostic accuracy and allows individualized approaches in pediatric allergy management. This multicenter retrospective study analyzed the results of ImmunoCAP ISAC^(®) test (n = 1010) performed in pediatric patients from 14 Portuguese hospitals. Sensitization to dust mite (DM) molecular allergens was found in 64% of patients, mainly to major...

US Special Operations Forces (SOF) personnel endure repeated blasts throughout training and combat. Recent human postmortem, neuroimaging and blood proteomic work suggest that tau pathology is present following repeated blast exposure. This study aimed to determine whether blood tau markers are associated with brain tau paired helical filaments (PHFs) in SOF personnel. Twenty-eight active-duty SOF completed a positron emission tomography-magnetic resonance imaging scan with the PHF-specific...

CONCLUSIONS: TIAN was common within this cohort but mostly low-grade and transient. Refining its classification and understanding its clinical impact will aid safety assessments and trial comparisons for CNS-directed CAR T therapies.