UW Neurological Surgery Recent PubMed Publications

The role of different imaging modalities-non-contrast CT (NCCT), CT perfusion (CTP), and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)-in selecting patients with large-core stroke for endovascular thrombectomy (EVT) is a subject of ongoing debate. This study aims to determine whether patients with large-core acute ischemic stroke (AIS) undergoing EVT triaged with CTP or DWI in addition to NCCT had different clinical outcomes compared to those only triaged with NCCT. We queried the Stroke Thrombectomy and...

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In the MIND randomized clinical trial, minimally invasive surgery within 72 hours did not significantly reduce 30-day mortality or improve 180-day disability in patients with supratentorial ICH compared to medical management alone.

The physiological properties of human and rodent neurons differ, yet the extent to which these differences reflect human specializations is often unclear. Compared with their rodent counterparts, human supragranular pyramidal neurons possess enriched HCN-channel-dependent intrinsic membrane properties and a related sensitivity to synaptic inputs containing delta/theta band frequencies. We tested whether other primate species possess enriched HCN-channel dependent membrane properties. We found...

YAP1 gene fusions are found in a multitude of human tumors and are the likely tumor-initiating events in these tumors. We have previously shown that YAP1 fusion proteins exert TEAD-dependent oncogenic YAP1 activity. However, the contributions of the C-terminal fusion partners to the oncogenic functions of YAP1 fusion proteins are understudied. Here, we expressed eight different YAP1 gene fusions in vivo. Tumors induced by YAP1::TFE3 displayed a significantly different histomorphology compared to...

While digital health interventions (DHIs) have become an increasingly common approach to address HIV vulnerability among young sexual and gender minority men who have sex with men (YSGMMSM), few studies consider the role of neighborhood disadvantage in DHI efficacy and engagement. The present study is a secondary data analysis of 212 YSGMMSM aged 16-24 that combined biological and clinical survey data from the primary efficacy randomized controlled trial (RCT) of P3, a PrEP adherence DHI, with a...

CONCLUSIONS: Tozuleristide was well tolerated. The data suggest that tozuleristide fluorescence may be applicable in a range of pediatric CNS tumors and clinical scenarios, providing a useful adjunct to neurosurgeon experience in distinguishing tumor from nontumor tissue.

CONCLUSIONS: Selecting patients for basilar EVT using conventional versus advanced imaging did not result in different clinical outcomes, regardless of treatment time windows. Conventional imaging appears sufficient as a first-line tool for selecting basilar EVT patients in routine clinical practice.

Mitochondrial transplantation is a promising but still experimental strategy for treating ischemic and metabolic disorders. A key barrier to its advancement is the lack of scalable, non-invasive methods for tracking transplanted extracellular mitochondria in vivo. Technetium-99m (Tc-99m) radiopharmaceuticals, widely used in SPECT imaging, may offer a clinically compatible solution. Cryopreserved mitochondria derived from HEK-293 cells were incubated with Tc-99m sestamibi, tetrofosmin,...

CONCLUSION: Extensive heterogeneity exists in platelet inhibition strategies following RS. Stent occlusion is associated with worse clinical outcomes, and the first 24 h post-RS are critical for stent patency. Compared to SAPT, DAPT was associated with better functional outcome, lower mortality, and lower stent occlusion rates.

CONCLUSION: The microcosting analysis revealed the resources and costs involved in implementing ED-initiated buprenorphine programs at various sites. Understanding the different ways each site customized the IF strategy can improve adoption to this initiative. Interpreting the costs during the intervention and what it takes to sustain it will help decision makers address uncertainty and promote increased acceptance of implementing these practices in the context of potential benefits that this...

We recently found that plasminogen receptors regulate the plasma membrane binding and uptake of Lp(a) via macropinocytosis. In this study, we sought to further define lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] macropinocytosis, discovering an unexpected role for antidepressants and serotonin in the regulation of this process. We found that the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine enhanced Lp(a) uptake, in contradiction of its published role as a macropinocytosis inhibitor. Extending these experiments to the commonly...

CONCLUSIONS: Younger patients, often with mental health and SUD problems, have a relatively higher risk of intentional overdose, while older patients with chronic health conditions are more prone to unintentional overdose. Understanding the distinct mechanisms driving overdose intent is vital for tailoring interventions, given the greater risk of suicide death following a nonfatal intentional overdose.

CONCLUSIONS: Imputed (cg05575921 AHRR) DNAm smoking status appears to have a significant and independent association with the prevalence of CVD. This association is stronger than that of conventional SRSS and may suggest potential utility to improve existing CVD risk prediction scores.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) with perinidal aneurysms and single draining vein are associated with an elevated risk of rupture and increased procedural complexity. The role of preoperative embolization in this high-risk anatomical subset remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of microsurgery with preoperative embolization, compared with microsurgery alone in patients with such AVMs.

Isocitrate dehydrogenase ( IDH ) mutations arise early in gliomas and are associated with a defined neurodevelopmental cancer cell hierarchy. However, how mutant IDH contributes to this hierarchy and whether this interaction promotes gliomagenesis remain unclear. We captured the dynamics of IDH-mutant glioma initiation in genetically engineered mice through time-resolved, single-cell genomics. Mutant IDH activates and induces lineage switching of neural progenitor cells (NPCs). These actions...

Muscle LIM protein (MLP) is a critical regulator of cardiomyocytes (CMs) cytoarchitecture, and its deficiency results in late-onset dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in both mice and human. However, recapitulating this phenotype in vitro using induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) has been challenging largely due to their immature state. Here, we generated MLP knockout (MLP-KO) mouse iPSCs and differentiated them into CMs. We then employed both conventional in vitro and in...

Salivabactin, a newly discovered hybrid polyketide/nonribosomal peptide (PK/NRP) antibiotic with a unique scaffold, exhibits potent activity against Gram-positive pathogens such as Streptococcus pyogenes. Despite its promising bioactivity, the low yield of the native producer Streptococcus salivarius (SAL) limits further investigation into salivabactin's mode of action and pharmaceutical applications. Here, we report the first heterologous production of salivabactin in Escherichia coli. The...

CONCLUSION: Managing PAS via cesarean hysterectomy poses a substantial risk of urinary tract injuries, primarily due to altered pelvic anatomy. Prophylactic ureteral stent placement, tailored to each patient, along with rigorous postoperative monitoring, is crucial to mitigate complications like urinary infections and genitourinary fistulae.

One anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) is a relatively novel bypass surgery variant, increasingly used as a primary surgical procedure. A total of 101 patients (mean age 44.7 ± 10.7 years, mean BMI 47.2 ± 6.6 kg/m2) underwent OAGB between 2014 and 2019 in a single institution. Results obtained 6,12 and 24 months postoperatively were compared with the pre-operative values using "Analyse-it software v5.40.2" and Graphpad Prism v9.3 for figures and tables. Data were tested for normality, described...

CONCLUSION: Telephone-delivered PST with comorbidity-specific modules reduces burden of comorbidities after deployment-related mTBI. Research is needed on how to maintain improvements over time.