UW Neurological Surgery Recent PubMed Publications

The metabolic hallmarks of high-grade glioma (HGG) are not fully understood. Human brain tissue metabolomics revealed that the creatine synthesis pathway intermediate guanidinoacetate (GAA) accumulated ∼100-fold in HGGs relative to controls, which was caused by imbalanced activities of enzymes in this pathway. Glioma cells secreted GAA rather than using it to produce creatine, implicating an unexpected function. GAA accumulates in GAMT deficiency, an inborn error of metabolism, and elevates...

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CONCLUSION: The OrthoLine^(TM) system produced acceptable radiographic healing, complication rates, and owner assessed outcomes. Shorter plate spans in the radius and ulna were well tolerated.

The persistence of polymorphisms in aposematic species remains one of the most interesting paradoxes in evolutionary biology because aposematism theory suggests that polymorphisms should be unstable over time. We offer an explanation for the persistence of aposematic polymorphisms that considers not only the role of natural selection but also the role of sexual selection. While predation and mate choice generally act to erode signal variation, intraspecific competition may facilitate...

Background Dysfunction in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow dynamics is linked to several neurologic disorders. Although phase-contrast MRI has been used to measure them in the brain, studies in the perivascular space are lacking. Purpose To develop a pipeline of image processing algorithms using contrast-unenhanced 7-T phase-contrast MRI to locate and quantify human brain CSF dynamics along the perivascular space of major arteries and their branches. Materials and Methods In this prospective,...

CONCLUSIONS: Silica-based fiber treatment improved epidermal rete ridge formation, enhanced ECM collagen remodeling, and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration while maintaining normal cellular proliferation. These findings indicate that SBF not only minimizes inflammation compared to standard gauze treatment but also provides an optimal scaffold environment for tissue regeneration. Given its unique mechanism of action, ultralight weight, stability under ambient conditions, and user-friendly...

CONCLUSION: As the utilization of FDS for intracranial aneurysms becomes more widespread, the efficacy of aneurysm obliteration needs to be assessed. Our results indicate that several patient-dependent factors, such as age, aneurysm location, and size, predict the likelihood of residual aneurysm filling 6 months post-treatment.

CONCLUSION: While minimizing OTP remains important, PT exerts a greater influence on outcomes after EVT. Procedural efficiency should be emphasized in stroke systems of care and included in center performance metrics to improve patient outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS: Although underpowered, this randomized clinical trial of patients with spinal cord injury did not demonstrate better neurologic recovery comparing early augmented and conventional blood pressure and calls this practice into question. Further study is needed to identify groups who may benefit from augmenting blood pressure and determine potential harm mechanisms.

CONCLUSIONS: Findings underscore the potential value of integrating population-based cannabis screening/assessment in primary care for treatment initiation and highlight the need for improved engagement for cannabis use disorder.

CONCLUSIONS: Among participants with idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus who had a response to temporary CSF drainage, shunting resulted in significant improvements at 3 months in gait velocity and a measure of gait and balance but not in measures of cognition or incontinence. (Funded by the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and the Trial Innovation Network; PENS ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT05081128.).

Meningiomas are the most common primary brain tumors, accounting for 40% of all central nervous system neoplasms. While usually benign, these tumors can vary in aggressiveness. Traditional classification and grading systems, which primarily rely on histopathological features, are not always reliable in capturing tumor behavior and predicting patient outcomes. In contrast, modern systems-based on factors such as copy number alterations, DNA methylation, and gene expression-offer a more accurate...

CONCLUSIONS: Saccular IAs harbor somatic low AF variants in coding genes predicted to alter protein function. AFs occurred in a similar range within and between samples, suggesting a cell- based population driving the pathogenesis of saccular IAs. Recurrent variants in genes known to be involved in IAs such as COL4A5 as well as novel genes (eg, ERBb4 and PABIR3) also suggests a new frontier for further research.

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CONCLUSION: An uncomplicated, widely available, prophylactic regimen (COCOON DM) reduced the incidence of DAEIs with amivantamab-lazertinib and the impact of symptoms on QoL.

Research on mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and its impact on young adults is limited, despite this being an important time in their lives to work toward independence and career development. We analyzed data on 663 persons aged 17-29 years old with mTBI (i.e., TBI with Glasgow Coma Scale scores 13-15) and 170 controls who did not experience an injury from the multicenter, Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in TBI study. We assessed participants with mTBI, subdivided into those with...

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Within 4 years after baseline wall imaging, instability occurred in one-third of UIAs with circumferential AWE. These results suggest that MRI aneurysm wall imaging may be used for predicting the risk of aneurysm instability.

What makes the human brain special? Human neurons, glia cells, and cortical circuits have been shown to be significantly different from those of other species, including mammals. This has led to a massive effort by the neuroscience community to directly study these differences in a multimodal approach. The studies conducted include single-cell and network recordings of human tissue samples, single-cell transcriptomics, and morphological analysis of the distinct cells to better understand the...

Study DesignRetrospective single-center review.ObjectivesAssess whether expansile duraplasty was associated with greater motor recovery in patients with acute traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI) compared with bony decompression alone.MethodsRetrospective chart review was conducted for patients who underwent surgical stabilization and decompression for tSCI at a level-1 trauma center. Changes in motor scores were calculated and compared between patients who had expansile duraplasty and those who...

BACKGROUND: TERT promoter mutation is a rare biomarker in meningiomas associated with aberrant TERT expression and reduced progression-free survival. Although high TERT expression is characteristic of tumours with TERT promoter mutations, it has also been observed in tumours with wildtype TERT promoters. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and prognostic association of TERT expression in meningiomas.