UW Neurological Surgery Recent PubMed Publications

Lung cancer encompasses multiple histological entities with substantial molecular heterogeneity that remain incompletely resolved at population scale. Here, we constructed a unified reference landscape of lung cancer by analyzing raw RNA sequencing data from 1,558 tumors spanning adenocarcinoma (n=753), squamous cell carcinoma (n=540), small cell lung cancer (n=150), and unclassified non-small cell lung cancer (n=80). Following batch correction, samples were embedded using PaCMAP to generate a...

Programmable A-to-I RNA editing using endogenous ADAR enzymes is emerging as a therapeutic strategy, but editability remains difficult to predict because ADAR recognition depends on double-stranded RNA geometry and stability rather than sequence alone. We present ADAREDIT, a structure-explicit graph-attention framework that represents each dsRNA substrate as a nucleotide graph with backbone and base-pair edges and augments this representation with typed interactions and a motif-sensitive...

INTRODUCTION: Underrepresented in family medicine (URiFM) physicians hold 14.42% of US family medicine faculty positions. Scholarship is critical to academic advancement. We explored family medicine department chairs' racial allyship, their identification of scholarship barriers faced by URiFM faculty, and the existence of initiatives to increase scholarship.

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a heritable cardiac disorder associated with sudden cardiac death, yet its diagnosis remains slow, resource-intensive, and dependent on expert interpretation of multimodal tests. Machine learning approaches may enable earlier and more standardized detection. Here, we sought to identify an optimal machine learning strategy for ARVC detection, and to define its role within the diagnostic pathway. A composite dataset of 688 patients from the...

CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates the pleiotropic benefits of IL-12 armored CAR-T cells with improved targeting of antigen-positive tumor cells and simultaneous remodeling of the microenvironment to engage adaptive immunity against antigen-negative clones. This strategy offers a potential clinically actionable approach to improve outcomes in GBM by circumventing the need for toxic lymphodepletion and addressing tumor heterogeneity.

CONCLUSION: In patients with aSAH, average tortuosity is independently inversely associated with future development of DCI. Total branch number and average tortuosity are independently inversely associated with future vasospasm. With further validation, quantitative MRA features may serve as predictive markers for DCI and vasospasm after aSAH.

Patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and Glasgow Coma Scale scores of 13-15 (historically called mild TBI [mTBI]) commonly experience changes in cognitive functioning, including processing speed, memory, and executive functioning. In a prospective sample (N = 523) of individuals of European descent who had been treated in a U.S. level 1 trauma center for mTBI, we examined the prognostic value of four polygenic risk scores (PRS) for cognitive outcomes at 6-months postinjury. To estimate the...

Concurrent follicular and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (FL/DLBCL) and transformed follicular lymphoma (tFL) are distinct B-cell lymphoma entities, posing challenges for understanding pathogenesis and clinical management. The clinical characteristics of 98 FL/DLBCL, 31 tFL, 403 FL1-2/3A, and 608 DLBCL patients were analyzed. DNA sequencing was performed in these cohorts, and RNA sequencing was performed on 60 FL/DLBCL, 8 tFL, 175 FL1-2/3A, and 329 DLBCL patients. FL/DLBCL was characterized by...

INTRODUCTION: Endoscopic transforaminal decompression is a minimally invasive approach for treating radiculopathy in adult degenerative scoliosis (ADS) secondary to foraminal stenosis. Previous research supports the feasibility and safety of this technique, but the correlation of preoperative measures with postoperative outcomes remains unclear.

INTRODUCTION: Plasmodium parasites, the causative agents of malaria, undergo a complex liver stage shaped by the spatial heterogeneity of the liver. As one of the most sexually dimorphic organs, the liver undergoes sex-specific immune responses. However, the roles of biological sex and androgens in regulating hepatic host-parasite interactions during Plasmodium infection remain poorly understood.

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Extant literature has found attention and academic achievement to be related throughout development. Surprisingly, there are few comprehensive meta-analytic studies of the size of this effect. Therefore, the present study evaluates the relation between ADHD symptomatology (i.e., ratings of inattention and/or hyperactivity/impulsivity) and academic achievement, over 106 studies and 450 effect sizes, with moderators assessing: study design type; symptomatology type; academic domain and subskills;...

Molecular tools enable detailed analysis of molecular allergens. Understanding their regional variability, considering environmental factors, improves diagnostic accuracy and allows individualized approaches in pediatric allergy management. This multicenter retrospective study analyzed the results of ImmunoCAP ISAC^(®) test (n = 1010) performed in pediatric patients from 14 Portuguese hospitals. Sensitization to dust mite (DM) molecular allergens was found in 64% of patients, mainly to major...

US Special Operations Forces (SOF) personnel endure repeated blasts throughout training and combat. Recent human postmortem, neuroimaging and blood proteomic work suggest that tau pathology is present following repeated blast exposure. This study aimed to determine whether blood tau markers are associated with brain tau paired helical filaments (PHFs) in SOF personnel. Twenty-eight active-duty SOF completed a positron emission tomography-magnetic resonance imaging scan with the PHF-specific...

CONCLUSIONS: TIAN was common within this cohort but mostly low-grade and transient. Refining its classification and understanding its clinical impact will aid safety assessments and trial comparisons for CNS-directed CAR T therapies.

Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes have shown promise to be an essential tool for studying genetic cardiac diseases. However, their limited maturity remains a barrier to reaching their full potential. Many have challenged this problem; however, it is difficult to compare the results because the parameters for cardiomyocyte maturation are diverse, mostly relying on physiological experiments that display significant lab-to-lab variations and are labor-intensive, and are not...

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BACKGROUND: People who inject drugs (PWID) experience high rates of serious injection-related bacterial and fungal infections (SIRI), including cellulitis, osteomyelitis, and endocarditis. These infections often require prolonged antibiotic treatment and result in frequent rehospitalizations, with over 50% of patients readmitted within 1 year. Few evidence-based interventions exist to optimize continuity of care for addiction, management, and prevention of SIRI following hospitalization.

CONCLUSIONS: Study results suggest mRNA-1283 may represent a highly cost-effective strategy (considering a $100,000-150,000 per QALY willingness-to-pay threshold) to reduce COVID-19 burden. Based on rVE assumptions made, mRNA-1283 was estimated to dominate originally-licensed mRNA vaccines in this recommended population. mRNA-1283 may provide a valuable option to optimize US COVID-19 immunization programs and protect those most vulnerable.

Disruptive technologies are reshaping the landscape of spine surgery by enhancing precision, improving patient outcomes, and transforming surgical training and planning. This review explores the integration of augmented reality (AR), virtual reality (VR), patient-specific implants, endoscopic techniques, advanced navigation, and robotics in spine surgery. Preoperative applications include immersive VR-based resident training and AR-assisted surgical planning, which have demonstrated improved...