UW Neurological Surgery Recent PubMed Publications

CONCLUSIONS: GA significantly improved successful revascularization rates in patients undergoing EVT. In RCTs that enrolled patients based on established EVT inclusion criteria, the rate of good functional outcome at 90 days was significantly higher in patients undergoing EVT with GA compared with non-GA.

Aggressive B-cell lymphomas, driven by MYC overexpression, exhibit rapid progression, resistance to therapies, and poor survival. While chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-engineered T cells have demonstrated remarkable clinical efficacy in B-cell lymphomas, nearly half of patients who initially respond to CAR-T therapy eventually develop resistance and disease progression. In this study, we report the presence of residual drug-tolerant persister (DTP) and resistant lymphoma cells remaining within a...

Invasive intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is considered the gold standard for the management of patients with an acute brain injury and at risk of developing intracranial hypertension (IH). However, invasive devices (e.g., intraparenchymal probe or external ventricular drain) are expensive, not available worldwide, and might be associated with some risks. Recently, a consensus for the monitoring and management of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients when invasive ICP is not available...

Death certificates record causes of death as reported by certifiers (Entity Axis) and as standardized by mortality coding rules (Record Axis). Conventional mortality statistics then reduce these to a single underlying cause, ignoring other contributing conditions; weighting schemes can instead distribute the mortality burden across all listed causes. We evaluated the impact of re-classification and weighting across all 56,986,831 US death certificates from 2003-2023, mapping ICD-10 codes to 14...

Programmable A-to-I RNA editing using endogenous ADAR enzymes is emerging as a therapeutic strategy, but editability remains difficult to predict because ADAR recognition depends on double-stranded RNA geometry and stability rather than sequence alone. We present A dar E dit , a structure-explicit graph-attention framework that represents each dsRNA substrate as a nucleotide graph with backbone and base-pair edges and augments this representation with typed interactions and a motif-sensitive...

Most proteins start to fold cotranslationally as they come off the ribosome. So far, studies of cotranslational folding have focused mainly on small, single-domain proteins. Here, we have used Force Profile Analysis to study the cotranslational folding of Firefly luciferase, a complex 550-residue protein composed of an N-terminal domain (NTD) encompassing two split Rossmann folds (RF-1, RF-2) and a β-roll, and a flexibly attached C-terminal domain (CTD). The folding process is characterized by a...

Klebsiella pneumoniae poses a substantial health concern worldwide, with high mortality often associated with its elevated resistance levels. Combination antibiotic therapies have emerged as a viable strategy for addressing infections caused by these highly resistant pathogens, yet the evolutionary routes to resistance under such regimens remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated how resistance can emerge during exposure to combination therapy by conducting an in vitro evolutionary...

Ependymomas (EPN) are rare central nervous system tumors that account for approximately 10% of intracranial tumors in children and 4% in adults. Despite their clinical and molecular heterogeneity, spanning supratentorial, posterior fossa, and spinal subtypes, treatment remains limited to surgery and radiotherapy, with chemotherapy offering minimal benefit. Here, we performed transcriptomic analysis of 370 human ependymoma samples and identified two distinct molecular subgroups: EPN-E1 and...

Cross-cultural care is health care that intentionally considers individuals and populations within their cultural contexts. Ensuring that the medical system can care for all people across all cultures is a fundamental aspect of public health. This article describes key ideas and constructs relevant to cross-cultural care and explores how primary care clinicians can contribute to improved patient and public health. Utilizing skills and concepts from medical anthropology, primary care clinicians...

ZFTA-RELA^(+) ependymomas are malignant brain tumours defined by fusions formed between the putative chromatin remodeller ZFTA and the NF-κB mediator RELA¹. Here we show that ZFTA-RELA^(+) cells produce itaconate, a key macrophage-associated immunomodulatory metabolite². Itaconate is generated by cis-aconitate decarboxylase 1 (ACOD1; also known as IRG1). However, the production of itaconate by tumour cells and its tumour-intrinsic role are not well established. ACOD1 is upregulated in a...

CONCLUSIONS: SIMPLseq significantly extends the malaria genomic epidemiology toolkit, coupling high-sensitivity P. falciparum genotyping with PCR contamination detection in a simple laboratory protocol that uses only open-source reagents and does not require a costly pre-amplification step. Key prospective use cases for SIMPLseq include recurrent infection classification, polyclonality estimation, and genotypic infection endpoint application to intervention efficacy trials.

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CONCLUSION: Frontline aspiration for M2 occlusions resulted in better clinical and angiographic outcomes compared to SRs. Future trials for MeVO with a focus on contact aspiration thrombectomy may succeed where recent trials have failed.

CONCLUSIONS: Selecting patients for basilar EVT using conventional versus advanced imaging did not result in different clinical outcomes, regardless of treatment time windows. Conventional imaging appears sufficient as a first-line tool for selecting basilar EVT patients in routine clinical practice.

CONCLUSIONS: REVOLUTION cohorts A and B demonstrated encouraging antitumor activity in patients with mPDAC. In cohort B, hydroxychloroquine-related tolerability issues contributed to early discontinuations and reduced drug exposure. These findings highlight the potential and limitations of current chemoimmunotherapy approaches. Although neither cohort will be expanded, the results reinforce the continued promise of chemoimmunotherapy in mPDAC and the importance of refining these strategies.

Background Chronic subdural hematomas (cSDHs) are associated with high recurrence risks following surgical evacuation. The EMBOLISE trial demonstrated that, compared with surgery alone, adjunctive middle meningeal artery embolization (MMAE) significantly reduced reoperation rates. However, given the limitations of the clinical end points of the trial, which may be subject to interrater variability and certain biases, the quantitative imaging metrics need to be evaluated. Purpose To evaluate the...

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0319867.].

CONCLUSION: Baseline BCR has high specificity but limited sensitivity for preoperative continence. Intraoperative BCR loss is a specific but insensitive predictor of postoperative urinary dysfunction. Whilst BCR monitoring aids intraoperative decision-making, further studies are needed to optimise its role in predicting long-term bladder outcomes.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The vast majority of severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients are managed in regions of low resources. Intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring is, therefore, uncommon. There is insufficient literature to support evidence-based algorithm construction. We here explore current validated models for sTBI management in the absence of ICP monitoring.

Study DesignSystematic review.ObjectiveTo identify and classify intervertebral foraminal morphologies associated with failed indirect decompression (IND), with the goal of developing a preoperative classification system to assess candidacy for this procedure.MethodsA systematic review of PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar was conducted. All reported cases of failed indirect decompression secondary to abnormal foraminal morphology were included. Imaging findings were reviewed to identify distinct...