UW Neurological Surgery Recent PubMed Publications

Salivabactin, a newly discovered hybrid polyketide/nonribosomal peptide (PK/NRP) antibiotic with a unique scaffold, exhibits potent activity against Gram-positive pathogens such as Streptococcus pyogenes. Despite its promising bioactivity, the low yield of the native producer Streptococcus salivarius (SAL) limits further investigation into salivabactin's mode of action and pharmaceutical applications. Here, we report the first heterologous production of salivabactin in Escherichia coli. The...

CONCLUSION: Managing PAS via cesarean hysterectomy poses a substantial risk of urinary tract injuries, primarily due to altered pelvic anatomy. Prophylactic ureteral stent placement, tailored to each patient, along with rigorous postoperative monitoring, is crucial to mitigate complications like urinary infections and genitourinary fistulae.

One anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) is a relatively novel bypass surgery variant, increasingly used as a primary surgical procedure. A total of 101 patients (mean age 44.7 ± 10.7 years, mean BMI 47.2 ± 6.6 kg/m2) underwent OAGB between 2014 and 2019 in a single institution. Results obtained 6,12 and 24 months postoperatively were compared with the pre-operative values using "Analyse-it software v5.40.2" and Graphpad Prism v9.3 for figures and tables. Data were tested for normality, described...

CONCLUSION: Telephone-delivered PST with comorbidity-specific modules reduces burden of comorbidities after deployment-related mTBI. Research is needed on how to maintain improvements over time.

Ensuring the safety and efficacy of candidate vaccines is critical. Although mechanisms underpinning protective immune responses to malaria vaccines are frequently investigated, immune responses correlating with moderate and severe adverse events are rarely examined. Here, we leverage a malaria vaccine trial with a higher-than-expected adverse event rate and frequent sampling to investigate cytokine profiles associated with adverse events. We found that Interleukin-6 was elevated on days in...

CONCLUSION: In this multicenter study of single-session MMAE with concomitant evacuation for cSDH, burr-hole-based techniques were associated with shorter operative times and with postprocedural patterns such as earlier drain removal, which correlated with earlier discharge. These findings support the preferential use of minimally invasive evacuation methods within the single-session paradigm when anatomically and technically appropriate.

CONCLUSION: This study reveals a significant bidirectional association in the prevalence of AILD and IBD, supporting the gut-liver axis theory. Further research is needed to elucidate causal mechanisms.

ObjectiveCarotid web can serve as a nidus for clot formation and subsequent thromboembolic stroke. Although treatment historically involved antiplatelet therapy, recent evidence demonstrates notably elevated recurrent stroke rates despite best medical therapy. We examined the safety and efficacy of carotid artery stenting (CAS), which involves placing a coil in the artery, and carotid endarterectomy (CEA), a surgery to remove the clot, for treatment of symptomatic carotid web.MethodsA...

Conventional stable isotope tracing assays track one or several metabolites. However, cells use an array of nutrients to sustain nitrogen metabolic pathways. This incongruency hampers a system level understanding of cellular nitrogen metabolism. Therefore, we created a platform to simultaneously trace 30 nitrogen isotope-labeled metabolites. This platform revealed that while primitive cells engage both de novo and salvage pyrimidine synthesis pathways, differentiated cells nearly exclusively...

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this cohort study of individuals with TBI, those with diabetes displayed poorer global cognitive function and executive functioning 2 weeks after TBI and recovered less in processing speed over the first-year postinjury. Given the modifiable nature of comorbid vascular risk factors, future work interrogating postinjury changes in vascular risk factor burden, over longer follow-up, is warranted.

CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that while new technologies do yet not replace analytical techniques, they are valuable allies working in conjunction with the current carbon quantification process.

No abstract

T cells play a pivotal role in the immune system, relying on their somatically rearranged T cell receptor (TCR) to recognize peptide-MHC complexes. A comprehensive and extensively used set of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against TCR variable regions was generated in the previous century. The separate identification of mAb-specific TCR-V proteins and TRV genes has resulted in multiple nomenclatures, making their relationships unclear. To formally re-establish this link and determine patterns of...

CONCLUSION: Despite similar vascular territories, concurrent occlusion of the MCA and ACA segments results in worse clinical outcomes compared with intracranial ICA occlusion.

This methodological brief gives an overview of qualitative research methods used in medical education and offers resources to help researchers explore qualitative methods more deeply. We discuss five common qualitative approaches used in medical education research, including case study, ethnography, grounded theory, narrative inquiry, and phenomenology. We review specific qualitative methods and data collection techniques, considering the potential advantages, challenges and biases of each...

CONCLUSIONS: The CTH intervention engaging community coalitions to deploy evidence-based practices was effective in increasing OEND implementation in jails, helping address elevated overdose risks for individuals during and post-release from incarceration. Partnerships between state, community, and jail-based stakeholders are needed to assure expanded access to this lifesaving, evidence-based approach.

CONCLUSION: Longitudinal TCD data can be used to create a dynamic machine learning model with higher precision than static TCD measurements for predicting AV after aSAH.

We present the case of a 13-month-old girl with Down syndrome who underwent probing to alleviate nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO). During the procedure, a distal portion of the deployed Crawford hook fragmented and became lodged in the right nasopharynx. Traditional intraoperative methods of visualization were unsuccessful; however, extraction of the fragment was achieved by using a nasogastric bridle magnet. This case demonstrates a novel method of metallic foreign body removal, which may...

CONCLUSIONS: Cost per OfY is a widely used metric in economic evaluations because of its relative importance as a measure of clinical effectiveness. However, a universally accepted benchmark for decision making does not yet exist. This review aggregates data from existing studies that provided this measure, offering an initial step for establishing a cost-effectiveness threshold for cost per OfY.

Acromegaly is a rare disease that is caused by a growth hormone (GH) secreting pituitary tumor. This is a case of a 62-year-old man who presented with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy more than 25 years after surgical remission without other known etiologies of left ventricular hypertrophy. The patient initially presented at age 28 with symptoms of acromegaly and diagnosed himself, while several physicians dismissed the diagnosis. He underwent transsphenoidal surgery associated with long-term...