UW Neurological Surgery Recent PubMed Publications

Arachnoid granulations: Dynamic nature and review

10 months ago
Arachnoid granulations have been known for centuries yet remain incompletely understood. While traditionally associated with cerebrospinal fluid transport, the precise mechanism remains uncertain. This manuscript reviews the literature on the anatomy, histology, and imaging findings of arachnoid granulations and their mimickers and anomalous variations. We highlight variations in incidence, size, and characteristics of arachnoid granulations on imaging, and hypothesize that these variations may...
Andrew Wai Kei Ko

Genetic inactivation of zinc transporter SLC39A5 improves liver function and hyperglycemia in obesogenic settings

10 months ago
Recent studies have revealed a role for zinc in insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis. Randomized placebo-controlled zinc supplementation trials have demonstrated improved glycemic traits in patients with type II diabetes (T2D). Moreover, rare loss-of-function variants in the zinc efflux transporter SLC30A8 reduce T2D risk. Despite this accumulated evidence, a mechanistic understanding of how zinc influences systemic glucose homeostasis and consequently T2D risk remains unclear. To further...
Shek Man Chim

Neurological Pupil Index and Intracranial Hypertension in Patients With Acute Brain Injury: A Secondary Analysis of the ORANGE Study

10 months 1 week ago
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Although an abnormal NPi could indicate brainstem dysfunction, in this large and heterogeneous population of patients, NPi values were not significantly associated overall with ICP values. Repeated NPi measurements may not be a sufficient replacement for invasive monitoring.
Matteo Petrosino

Endoscopic endonasal resection of a craniopharyngioma in a 23-month-old patient: illustrative case

10 months 1 week ago
BACKGROUND: Treatment of pediatric craniopharyngioma requires a multidisciplinary approach to counsel patients and families on the spectrum of treatment options, including biopsy, radiation, and/or resection. Gross-total resection can avoid radiation and its long-term comorbidities. In very young patients, this is of particular importance but is especially challenging because of anatomical considerations.
Jessica Eaton

Identifying Plasmodium P36 and P52 antigens for coadministration with circumsporozoite protein to enhance vaccine efficacy

10 months 1 week ago
Vaccines targeting the complex pre-erythrocytic stage of Plasmodium parasites may benefit from the inclusion of multiple antigens. However, discerning protective effects can be difficult because newer candidates may not be as protective as leading antigens like the circumsporozoite protein (CSP) in the conventional pre-clinical mouse model. We developed a modified mouse model challenge strategy that maximizes the contribution of T cells induced by novel candidate antigens at the sporozoite...
Naveen Yadav

Full-endoscopic spinal decompression or discectomy show benefits regarding 30-day readmission rates when compared to other spine surgery techniques: a propensity score matched analysis

10 months 2 weeks ago
CONCLUSION: This study is the first to compare 30-day hospital readmissions between FESS and nonendoscopic surgeries in a large, matched multicenter cohort. FESS significantly reduces both the length of postoperative hospital stay and 30-day readmission rates compared to nonendoscopic approaches, underscoring the safety and effectiveness of outpatient FESS. Future studies are needed to define the role of FESS in more complex spine procedures.
Jannik Leyendecker

Autologous mitochondrial transplant for acute cerebral ischemia: Phase 1 trial results and review

10 months 2 weeks ago
The results of a Phase 1 trial of autologous mitochondrial transplantation for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke during mechanical thrombectomy are presented. Standardized methods were used to isolate viable autologous mitochondria in the acute clinical setting, allowing for timely transplantation within the ischemic window. No significant adverse events were observed with the endovascular approach during reperfusion therapy. Safety outcomes in study participants were comparable to those of...
Melanie Walker

Best Practices for Delivering Neoadjuvant Therapy in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma

10 months 2 weeks ago
CONCLUSIONS: Using a modified Delphi consensus technique, best practice guidelines were developed focusing on the optimal standards for delivering NT to patients with localized PDAC. Given the prognostic importance of completing multimodality therapy, efforts to standardize and optimize the delivery of NT represent an immediate opportunity to decrease care variation and improve outcomes for patients with PDAC. Future research should focus on validating and implementing best practice standards...
Jordan M Cloyd

Structural insights into the high basal activity and inverse agonism of the orphan receptor GPR6 implicated in Parkinson's disease

10 months 2 weeks ago
GPR6 is an orphan G protein-coupled receptor with high constitutive activity found in D2-type dopamine receptor-expressing medium spiny neurons of the striatopallidal pathway, which is aberrantly hyperactivated in Parkinson's disease. Here, we solved crystal structures of GPR6 without the addition of a ligand (a pseudo-apo state) and in complex with two inverse agonists, including CVN424, which improved motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease in clinical trials. In addition, we...
Mahta Barekatain

Attitudes regarding barriers to entry and the learning curve associated with endoscopic decompression-only surgery: an international survey

10 months 2 weeks ago
CONCLUSION: Despite the recognized benefits of ESDS, barriers such as training deficiencies and equipment costs hinder its widespread adoption. Addressing these barriers through enhanced training opportunities and hospital system support could increase the adoption of ESDS, benefiting both surgeons and patients by reducing recovery times and complications.
Murad Alostaz

Free water elimination tractometry for aging brains

10 months 2 weeks ago
Tractometry of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) non-invasively quantifies tissue properties of brain connections. It is widely used in aging studies but could be less reliable in aging brains due to increased white matter free water. We demonstrate that computational free water elimination (FWE) increases reliability and accuracy of tractometry in a large (n = 339) cohort of older adults (66 - 103 y.o.). We found substantial (up to ~37%) improvements in reliability in a...
Kelly Chang

Precision Medicine for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Children: A Review

10 months 3 weeks ago
The clinical outcome for children diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukemia is a testimony to the success of modern medicine. Over the past few decades, survival has climbed from ∼10% to >90% for certain subgroups. Yet, the outcome for those with relapsed disease is often poor, and survivors struggle with a multitude of healthcare issues, some of which are lifelong. In recent years, the advent of the widespread sequencing of tumors has made available patients with previously unrecognized...
Anish Ray

A Case Report of a Rescue of Unanticipated Obstetric Difficult Airway Secondary to Limited Mouth Opening With i-gel® and Establishing Definitive Airway With Aintree and Fiberscope-Guided Intubation

10 months 3 weeks ago
Obstetric difficult airway management has emerged as a critical safety issue, and unsuccessful intubation can lead to morbidity and mortality. A literature review of difficult and failed obstetric intubations from the 1970s to 2015 shows that the incidence of failed intubation is unchanged, remaining at one per 390 anesthetics. Our obstetric case report highlights an obstetric difficult airway secondary to limited mouth opening; rescue of the airway with an i-gel®; and establishment of a...
Amy I Lee
"university of washington"[affiliation] and neurological surge...: Latest results from PubMed
More posts about UW Neurological Surgery Recent PubMed Publications