UW Neurological Surgery Recent PubMed Publications

Breathing is a fundamental motor rhythm necessary to sustain life. The rhythm and pattern of breathing arises from the coordination of a bilaterally symmetric, rostro-caudally extended column of heterogeneous neural populations in the medulla called the Ventral Respiratory Column (VRC). By recording from the extent of the VRC using Neuropixels during optogenetic and physiological manipulations, and projecting the population activity into a dynamical latent space, we find that GABAergic...

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CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that operative reports simplified by AI can facilitate patient understanding. However, preferences varied according to patient demographics, indicating the need for individualized approaches to simplification. Further research is necessary to optimize the use of AI for personalized patient education and to evaluate the long-term impact on healthcare outcomes.

Neurons in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) receive and transmit sensory information from the tissues they innervate and from the external environment. Upper cervical (C1-C2) DRGs are functionally unique as they receive input from the neck, head, and occipital cranial dura, the latter two of which are also innervated by the trigeminal ganglion (TG). The C2 DRG also plays an important role in neck pain, a common and disabling disorder that is poorly understood. Advanced transcriptomic approaches...

CONCLUSIONS: Single-session MMAE plus surgical evacuation appears to be safe and shortens LOS compared with a staged approach. The rates of functional outcomes, re-evacuation, and mortality did not differ significantly from those observed in patients who underwent staged procedures.

Low-intensity, low-frequency ultrasound has shown promise for neuromodulation, particularly for influencing peripheral neural activity. However, the precise parameters required to modulate neuronal activity remain poorly understood, limiting its broader application. Here, we investigated the effects of varying the sonication duration (SD) and duty cycle (DC) on motor neuronal responses in the rat sciatic nerve, with a focus on understanding how cumulative energy exposure influences the...

CONCLUSION: Our study did not find a clear association between preinjury beta-blocker exposure and day 1 blood-based brain injury biomarkers or clinical outcomes. These findings warrant confirmation in future studies with larger cohorts.

CONCLUSION: Results indicate intentional outreach can leverage existing community ties to develop CABs that are representative of communities but necessitate a focus on equitable resource allocation.

CONCLUSIONS: Qualitative adjusted vessel wall enhancement is associated with SAH and is a reliable, independent predictor of angiographic vasospasm, but is not predictive of delayed cerebral ischemia. Given the multifactorial nature of SAH-related complications, integrating vessel wall enhancement with conventional imaging and clinical factors may improve risk stratification and predictive assessment.

CONCLUSION: The "Gun-holding" surgical posture is a feasible, efficient, and safe alternative for performing RIRS, offering significant ergonomic benefits to surgeons.

Gain-of-function mutations of p53 (GOF-MUT-p53) act as oncogenes by regulating gene transcription. We screened for the genome-wide transcriptional targets of GOF-MUT-p53 in glioblastoma (GBM) and found that a significant subset of them were long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA). Among these, LINC00643 was strongly repressed by GOF-MUT-p53 but not wild-type p53. LINC00643 was downregulated in GBM and low-grade glioma and correlated with patient survival. LINC00643 and its conserved third exon (Exon3)...

The metabolic hallmarks of high-grade glioma (HGG) are not fully understood. Human brain tissue metabolomics revealed that the creatine synthesis pathway intermediate guanidinoacetate (GAA) accumulated ∼100-fold in HGGs relative to controls, which was caused by imbalanced activities of enzymes in this pathway. Glioma cells secreted GAA rather than using it to produce creatine, implicating an unexpected function. GAA accumulates in GAMT deficiency, an inborn error of metabolism, and elevates...

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CONCLUSION: The OrthoLine^(TM) system produced acceptable radiographic healing, complication rates, and owner assessed outcomes. Shorter plate spans in the radius and ulna were well tolerated.

The persistence of polymorphisms in aposematic species remains one of the most interesting paradoxes in evolutionary biology because aposematism theory suggests that polymorphisms should be unstable over time. We offer an explanation for the persistence of aposematic polymorphisms that considers not only the role of natural selection but also the role of sexual selection. While predation and mate choice generally act to erode signal variation, intraspecific competition may facilitate...

Background Dysfunction in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow dynamics is linked to several neurologic disorders. Although phase-contrast MRI has been used to measure them in the brain, studies in the perivascular space are lacking. Purpose To develop a pipeline of image processing algorithms using contrast-unenhanced 7-T phase-contrast MRI to locate and quantify human brain CSF dynamics along the perivascular space of major arteries and their branches. Materials and Methods In this prospective,...

CONCLUSIONS: Silica-based fiber treatment improved epidermal rete ridge formation, enhanced ECM collagen remodeling, and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration while maintaining normal cellular proliferation. These findings indicate that SBF not only minimizes inflammation compared to standard gauze treatment but also provides an optimal scaffold environment for tissue regeneration. Given its unique mechanism of action, ultralight weight, stability under ambient conditions, and user-friendly...

CONCLUSION: As the utilization of FDS for intracranial aneurysms becomes more widespread, the efficacy of aneurysm obliteration needs to be assessed. Our results indicate that several patient-dependent factors, such as age, aneurysm location, and size, predict the likelihood of residual aneurysm filling 6 months post-treatment.

CONCLUSION: While minimizing OTP remains important, PT exerts a greater influence on outcomes after EVT. Procedural efficiency should be emphasized in stroke systems of care and included in center performance metrics to improve patient outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS: Although underpowered, this randomized clinical trial of patients with spinal cord injury did not demonstrate better neurologic recovery comparing early augmented and conventional blood pressure and calls this practice into question. Further study is needed to identify groups who may benefit from augmenting blood pressure and determine potential harm mechanisms.