UW Neurological Surgery Recent PubMed Publications

CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: These findings suggest that CT-based automated contusion measurement may be an immediately translatable strategy for improving TBI prognostic models.

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that the amount of tissue at the FM correlates with CM-1 patients who underwent decompressive surgery, more so than tonsillar length. Additionally, the combination of neural tissue at the FM, CBL, and fourth ventricular volumes led to a great degree of correlation with syrinx formation. Together, these findings suggest that a global compressive phenomenon within the posterior fossa leads to CM-1 symptomatology and syrinx formation.

United States neurological surgery residency education has undergone substantive changes over the past 2 decades. Neurosurgical professional bodies have developed numerous initiatives providing standardized assessments and training opportunities for residency programs. However, there have been few studies using standardized measures to assess core components of educational programming in individual programs. We conducted a 12-year retrospective review of resident American Board of Neurological...

Cardiomyocyte maturation is crucial for generating adult cardiomyocytes and the application of human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC-CMs). However, regulation at the cis-regulatory element level and its role in heart disease remain unclear. Alpha-actinin 2 (ACTN2) levels increase during CM maturation. In this study, we investigated a clinically relevant, conserved ACTN2 enhancer's effects on CM maturation using hPSC and mouse models. Heterozygous ACTN2 enhancer deletion led to...

CONCLUSIONS: This study employed a person-centered approach to understanding the greatest needs among individuals with TBI. Qualitative differences were observed between individuals with and without TBI, between people with mTBI and msTBI, and across genders among people with TBI. These findings can help guide research and policy toward addressing challenges perceived as highly important by people living in the community with TBI.

Statins are one of the most important classes of drugs. In this analytical review, we elucidate the intricate molecular mechanisms and toxicological rationale regarding both the on- (targeting 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase [HMGCR]) and off-target effects of statins. Statins interact with a number of membrane kinases, such as epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), erb-b2 receptor tyrosine kinase 2 (HER2) and MET proto-oncogene, receptor tyrosine kinase (MET), as well as...

CONCLUSION: The combined use of IAT and IVT thrombolysis in AIS-LVO patients undergoing MT is safe. Although the MT+IVT+ IAT group demonstrated lower rates of recanalization and early neurological improvement, long-term functional outcomes were favorable in this group suggesting a potential delayed benefit of IAT.

INTRODUCTION: Thrombectomy complications remain poorly explored. This study aims to characterize periprocedural intracranial vessel perforation including the effect of thrombolysis on patient outcomes.

CONCLUSION: The UHFs repaired by transcondylar cannulated screws had acceptable outcomes and fracture reduction with complication rates being similar regardless of the surgical approach.

Treatment of the tumor and dural margin with surgery and sometimes radiation are cornerstones of therapy for meningioma. Molecular classifications have provided insights into the biology of disease; however, response to treatment remains heterogeneous. In this study, we used retrospective data on 2,824 meningiomas, including molecular data on 1,686 tumors and 100 prospective meningiomas, from the RTOG-0539 phase 2 trial to define molecular biomarkers of treatment response. Using propensity score...

CONCLUSION: In the management of patients with inconclusive imaging findings on mammography or ultrasonography, BSGI is a problem-solving imaging modality with high NPV that helps avoid costs of image-guided biopsies.

CONCLUSIONS: Robot-assisted CABG is observed to have acceptable perioperative and mid-to-long term outcomes with promising overall graft patency.

CONCLUSIONS: Intensity of sedation and other therapies for elevated ICP for patients with msTBI demonstrate large practice-pattern variation across level 1 trauma centers within the TRACK-TBI cohort study, independent of patient severity. Optimizing sedation strategies using patient-specific physiologic and pathoanatomic information may optimize patient outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS: We describe the STAR experience performing MT in patients with PCA MeVOs. Our analysis supports that successful first-pass recanalization can be achieved in PCA MEVOs at a rate similar to that in MCA MeVOs, although further study and possible innovation may be necessary to improve successful PCA MeVO recanalization rates.

CONCLUSIONS: Continuing DAPT >42 days after SAC did not reduce the risk of thrombotic complications or in-stent stenosis, although the risk of additional hemorrhagic complications remained low. It may be reasonable to discontinue DAPT after 42 days following non-flow diverting SAC of unruptured intracranial aneurysms.

CONCLUSIONS: Quantitative smartphone pupillometry has the potential to be used to detect radiographic vasospasm and DCI after aSAH.

Determining the evolutionary history of mantle oxygen fugacity (fo(2)) is crucial, as it controls the fo(2) of mantle-derived melts and regulates atmospheric composition through volcanic outgassing. However, the evolution of mantle fo(2) remains controversial. Here, we present a comprehensive dataset of plume-derived komatiites, picrites, and ambient mantle-derived (meta)basalts, spanning from ~3.8 Ga to the present, to investigate mantle thermal and redox states evolution. Our results indicate...

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and influenza are respiratory illnesses caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and influenza viruses, respectively. Both diseases share symptoms and clinical risk factors¹, but the extent to which these conditions have a common genetic etiology is unknown. This is partly because host genetic risk factors are well characterized for COVID-19 but not for influenza, with the largest published genome-wide association studies for...

CONCLUSION: Treatment of cerebral aneurysms with FDS induces significant EC gene transcription changes related to aneurysm hemodynamics in patient-specific in vitro 3D-printed models subjected to pulsatile flow. Further investigation is needed into the relationship between transcriptional change and treatment outcome.

CONCLUSION: In this limited case series, the use of nickel containing stents in intracranial venous sinuses in patients with nickel allergy did not result in any allergic reaction or adverse outcome.