UW Neurological Surgery Recent PubMed Publications

CONCLUSIONS: Emergency/damage-control extracranial surgery operationally classified as LS identified a phenotype of patients with greater extracranial injury burden and physiological instability, associated with worse long-term neurological outcome. This association should be interpreted as reflecting injury severity and treatment indication rather than a direct detrimental effect of surgery itself. NLS procedures were not independently associated with unfavourable recovery.

The preBötzinger Complex is among the few neural circuits where selective elimination of defined neuronal subpopulation is sufficient to destabilize a core autonomic function and can fatally impair breathing. Within this circuitry, neurons expressing the neurokinin-1 receptor (Tacr1/NK1R) and somatostatin (Sst) are critical subpopulations; Tacr1 ^(+) neurons respond to the neuropeptide substance P and are necessary for maintaining inspiratory rhythms, and ablation of Sst ^(+) neurons results in...

CONCLUSIONS: The global diffusion of ESS is hindered less by clinical limitations than by systemic inertia and fragmented policy frameworks. Countries with flexible, market-responsive systems (eg, China and India) are emerging as innovation leaders, while historically dominant regions (eg, United States and Europe) risk stagnation without structural reform. ESS serves as a diagnostic lens for broader health system adaptability, highlighting the urgent need for investment in training,...

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CONCLUSION: This study indicates that protective CIS43LS levels can be maintained over the course of a single malaria season and provides guidance for PK/PD analyses of anti-malaria mAbs in malaria-endemic populations.

CONCLUSIONS: ACA anatomical variants do not adversely affect the safety or efficacy of endovascular treatment for DACA. With appropriate anatomical assessment and treatment selection, endovascular therapy remains effective even in the presence of complex ACA configurations.

CONCLUSION: Hypertension, particularly poorly controlled hypertension, is associated with higher AWE prevalence in patients with UIAs, suggesting a potential link between BP status and aneurysm wall imaging characteristics, which warrants further longitudinal follow-up studies to clarify its clinical significance.

Halide perovskites exhibit exceptional optoelectronic properties, yet their intrinsic chemical fragility and ionic nature pose fundamental challenges for high-resolution patterning and nanoscale integration. Here we report a reversible, all-optical structural modulation strategy that enables chemistry-free, sub-diffraction patterning of halide perovskite thin films through light-driven crystallization-decomposition dynamics. Localized femtosecond laser excitation induces controlled...

Much of biology focuses on how genetic changes mediate new functions, but less attention is given to adaptations in other steps of the central dogma. Octopuses exhibit complex nervous systems and sophisticated behaviors that rival vertebrates, but via an entirely divergent evolutionary history. Here, we serendipitously discovered that octopus ribosomes contain a structural break in the core ribosomal RNA that is unique among all animals. This break site enhances translation fidelity to reduce...

Highly heritable, polygenic, and easily measured, adult height has long been the model trait in human genetics ^(1,2) . While the landscape of height-associated common genetic variation has been studied extensively ² , rare variation remains relatively unexplored ¹ . Using rare protein-altering variants in a discovery set of 826,066 exomes, we identify 207 height-associated genes - 98% of which replicate in an additional 624,567 individuals. The rarest and most deleterious class of variation,...

Tumor-infiltrating nerves play critical roles in promoting tumor growth and progression; however, the mechanisms that drive tumor innervation remain unclear. Upon transformation, tumors recruit surrounding peripheral nerves into the tumor microenvironment (TME) to obtain their own innervation, a process called axonogenesis. While in vitro studies suggest tumor cell-derived neurotrophins, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), drive axonogenesis, this has yet to be demonstrated in...

Pineal region tumors represent a diverse group of neoplasms arising from the pineal gland and its surrounding structures, posing unique diagnostic and surgical challenges due to their deep midline location and proximity to critical venous and neural anatomy. Advances in neuroimaging, microsurgical technique, and endoscopic technology have transformed their management, substantially improving outcomes compared to historical experiences of high morbidity and mortality. This chapter reviews the...

CONCLUSIONS: This trial builds upon formative work to evaluate the effectiveness, implementation, and cost of a peer-delivered, stepped care intervention integrated into primary care. A stepped-care design to maximize optimal use of resources and integration into primary care is a necessary step to increase accessible intervention programs for people with HIV with comorbid SUD globally.

INTRODUCTION: Neuropathic pain is one of the most common and debilitating complications following spinal cord injury (SCI), frequently surpassing motor and sensory deficits as the symptom patients most want treated. Despite advances in understanding the molecular and physiological mechanisms underlying central neuropathic pain, effective treatments remain lacking and show wide variability in efficacy. Previous reports have indicated that early intervention represents the most effective pain...

DEK is an estrogen-responsive chromatin-remodeling protein broadly expressed in the murine and human brain, with high expression in memory-relevant regions such as the hippocampus. Prior work from our group and others has linked DEK loss to cellular features associated with Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease-related dementias. Notably, our group has demonstrated that DEK expression declines with increasing dementia severity in women, but not in age-matched men, suggesting a sex-specific...

Sickle cell trait (SCT) is a genetic condition characterized by a heterozygous A-T substitution (Glu to Val) in 1 copy of the β-globin (HBB) gene on chromosome 11. Although often asymptomatic, individuals with SCT can experience complications under stress, such as hypoxia, dehydration, and extreme exertion, leading to vaso-occlusion, organ damage, and impaired immune defenses. Understanding the impact of SCT on the immune system may aid in preventing clinical complications. We genotyped 720...

CONCLUSION: This case highlights the unique airway management challenges posed by intratracheal tumors located near the carina and underscores the importance of meticulous pre-procedural planning, anticipation of complications, and readiness for emergency airway interventions during bronchoscopic treatment. Even minimally invasive procedures such as cryotherapy may lead to life-threatening airway compromise when tumors are located in critical central airway regions.

Current guidelines acknowledge the importance of both microsurgical and neuroendovascular expertise in the treatment of cerebrovascular disease. To achieve optimal care for these patients, it is becoming increasingly evident that procedural volumes impact patient outcomes. This is demonstrated across various cerebrovascular diseases.In this literature review, we demonstrate the association of volume with patient outcomes across multiple cerebrovascular disease states and interventions....

Dengue virus (DENV) and chikungunya virus (CHIKV) co-circulate in many regions and present with overlapping clinical features, which complicate accurate diagnosis and disease management. This study develops an integrative transcriptomic framework to identify robust host gene signatures that distinguish between dengue, chikungunya, and healthy states. Publicly available RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) datasets derived from human blood samples were analyzed using a cross-validation design to ensure...

CONCLUSION: ICP monitoring was associated with increased mortality and worse discharge outcomes in patients with sTBI. Increased mortality was largely mediated by WLST. These results question the effectiveness of ICP-guided management and highlight the major impact that decisions to WLST have on treatment effects and patient outcomes.