UW Neurological Surgery Recent PubMed Publications

The Caries Management by Risk Assessment (CAMBRA) protocol consists of analyzing the patient's profile by assessing the risk and protective factors and assigning a risk level to the patient to allow an individualized treatment plan, which combines restorative treatments with a preventive chemical therapy. This systematic review and critical appraisal aim to evaluate the effectiveness of the CAMBRA protocol in reducing the incidence of caries lesions and oral bacterial load. An electronic search...

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CONCLUSIONS: Macrophages engineered to express hypoxia-regulated payloads have the potential to be administered systemically and conditionally express proteins in tissues with hypoxic conditions. In contrast to immune cells that function or survive poorly in hypoxic conditions, macrophages maintain a proinflammatory phenotype that may support continued gene and protein expression when regulated by conditional hypoxia responsive elements and naturally traffic to hypoxic microenvironments, making...

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Several proteins have proven useful as blood-based biomarkers to assist in evaluation and management of traumatic brain injury (TBI). The objective of this study was to determine whether two day-of-injury blood-based biomarkers are predictive of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We used data from 1143 individuals with mild TBI (mTBI; defined as admission Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] score 13-15) enrolled in TRACK-TBI, a prospective longitudinal study of level 1 trauma center patients. Plasma...

CONCLUSIONS: The surgical modification of the pelvic tilt and the sagittal rotation are the two radiological alignment parameters that can most accurately predict the long-term clinical outcome after lumbar interbody fusion surgery.

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CONCLUSIONS: Efforts to retain participants in such social disadvantaged or minority groups are encouraged given their disproportionate rate of LTFU. Repeated attempts to reach participants after a previously missed assessment are beneficial, as many participants that missed one or more follow-ups were later recovered.

Using data from 20 years of Salmonella foodborne outbreaks, this study investigates significant trends in the proportion of outbreaks associated with 12 broad commodity groups. Outbreak counts are demonstrated to have a stronger trend signal than outbreak illness counts. The number of outbreaks with an identified food vehicle increased significantly between 1998 and 2000. This was followed by a 10-year period when the number of outbreaks decreased. The number of outbreaks increased significantly...

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This guideline is intended for educational use to build the knowledge of physicians and other health professionals in assessing the conditions and managing the treatment of patients undergoing extracorporeal life support (ECLS)/extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) and describe what are believed to be useful and safe practice for extracorporeal life support (ECLS, ECMO) but these are not necessarily consensus recommendations. The aim of clinical guidelines are to help clinicians to make...

CONCLUSIONS: Tumor molecular profiling after germline testing increased the detection of actionable alterations by 5-fold. Tumor molecular profiling is a necessary complement to germline genetic testing to fully inform therapeutic decision making for all patients with pancreatic cancer.

CONCLUSIONS: In patients with VITT-CVT, adherence to VITT treatment recommendations improved over time. Immunomodulation seems crucial for reducing mortality of VITT-CVT. ANN NEUROL 2022.

CONCLUSION: Our study found that preinjury vascular risk factors, especially smoking, are associated with worse outcomes after TBI. Aggressive postinjury treatment of vascular risk factors may be a promising strategy to improve TBI outcomes.

The mechanisms of volatile anesthetic action remain among the most perplexing mysteries of medicine. Across phylogeny, volatile anesthetics selectively inhibit mitochondrial complex I, and they also depress presynaptic excitatory signaling. To explore how these effects are linked, we studied isoflurane effects on presynaptic vesicle cycling and ATP levels in hippocampal cultured neurons from wild-type and complex I mutant (Ndufs4(KO)) mice. To bypass complex I, we measured isoflurane effects on...

Following neurosurgical repair of spinal dysraphism defects, soft tissue reconstruction is often required to obtain robust coverage of the dura. Layered closure utilizing local muscle and muscle fascia have proven reliable for this purpose, but often result in significant dead space necessitating closed suction drainage. Progressive tension sutures have been reported as an alternative to drains for prevention of fluid collection in a number of other procedures. In this study, the use of...

Cellular and network properties must be capable of generating rhythmic activity that is both flexible and stable. This is particularly important for breathing, a rhythmic behavior that dynamically adapts to environmental, behavioral, and metabolic changes from the first to the last breath. The pre-Bötzinger complex (preBötC), located within the ventral medulla, is responsible for producing rhythmic inspiration. Its cellular properties must be tunable, flexible as well as stabilizing. Here, we...

CONCLUSIONS: MMA embolization with particle and liquid embolisates appears to be equally effective in treatment of NASHs as determined by the percentage who reach, and the time to reach, 50% NASH thickness reduction and the incidence of surgical reintervention within 90 days.

In this paper, we present high-throughput amplicon sequence (HTS) datasets of the gut microbiota of male and female Zebrafish Danio rerio fed diets consisting of sub-optimal and above-optimal quantities of proteins and fats. The HTS datasets were generated using an Illumina MiSeq targeting the V4 hypervariable segment of the 16S rRNA gene. The raw sequence reads were quality checked, demultiplexed into FASTQ files, denoised using DADA2 (q2-dada2 denoise-paired), and subsampled. Taxonomic ids...